Efforts Of Dr. S. R. Ranganathan For public Library Legislation And Service- A communicate

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Dr. Shiyali Ramamrita Ranganathan was a visionary who realized the significance of library legislation for the promotion and amelioration of library movement in India. He was a far-sighted person fully devoted to the cause of library and facts science. He was fully aware with regard to the role of libraries in the enhancement of instruction in any society. He understood the impact of educational advancement for the amelioration of country and the effectiveness and utility of libraries to promote education.

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In 1924, Dr. S. R. Ranganathan visited a estimate of social libraries during his stay in United Kingdom. These visits enabled him to study the system, functioning, funding and services of various libraries. As a consequence he was convinced that library legislation alone would provide a systematic, well-knit and productive social library service. Since social libraries are informal agencies of education, therefore it is obligatory for a welfare state to provide, sound and found a network of social libraries to meet the needs of the masses. A social library being needful a peoples' practice is to be maintained out of social funds, which have to be collected most equitably. Only the government has got the power and authority to enforce and secure taxes through legal sanction, hence library legislation is needful to secure the library cess. Thus it is apparent that it is imperative for the government to enact library legislation for the preparing and smooth functioning of a network of social libraries to cater to the educational needs of the general public.

Dr. S. R. Ranganathan was the first person in India who ever concept about the need for library legislation in 1925 after returning to India from England. He drafted a 'Model Library Act' and presented it for conference at the First All Asia Educational Conference, which was held in Banaras on 27-30 December 1930. The participants of the conference were fully convinced with the advantages of draft legislation and the views of Dr. S. R. Ranganathan. This 'Model Library Act' was published by the Madras Library relationship during the year 1936. He later on amended the draft Act twice- once in 1957 and again in 1972. This Model Library Act was introduced in the shape of Bill in the Madras Assembly in 1933, through Mr. Basher Ahmed Sayeed, the member of the Assembly an enthusiast of social library system.

Salient features of Dr. S. R. Ranganathan's Model Library Act are: -

Except the Kerala social Libraries Act, 1989, all the Acts, which have passed in India during the years 1948 to 1990, have the influenced of Model social Libraries Act drafted by Dr. S. R. Ranganathan.

Dr. S. R. Ranganathan made persistent efforts for getting the library Acts passed by various States in India and dreamt of having it a land of libraries. He ready a estimate of Model Bills for various States. Following is a list of them: -

He also ready a Model Union Library Bill in 1948 and redrafted it in 1957.

India got the first social Library Act through the ceaseless efforts of Dr. S. R. Ranganathan. For the first time the social Library Act was passed by the Madras Legislature in 1948. There is an exciting story behind the success of getting the Library Bill enacted in the third exertion in 1946 although the two attempts made earlier had failed. The first exertion was made by Janab Basher Ahmed Sayeed when he introduced the Bill in Madras Legislature in 1933 but it could not get through as the Madras Legislature was dissolved in 1935. A second exertion was made in 1938 but later on the World War-Ii began and the Bill could not be adopted. In 1946, Mr. Avinashalingam Chettiar, who was an old learner of Dr. S. R. Ranganathan, became the instruction clergyman in Madras State. One day, Dr. S. R. Ranganathan took a copy of the Model Library Act and went to meet the clergyman at his house after his usual morning walk. The clergyman was surprised to see his "Guru" early in the morning and enquired about the purpose of his visit. Dr. S. R. Ranganathan replied that he came to inquire his "Gurudakshina". When the clergyman promised to offer the same, Dr. S. R. Ranganathan gave a copy of Model Act and expressed his wish to have it enacted into a law during his tenure as Minister. Mr. Avinashalingam Chettiar piloted the Bill and got it enacted in 1948.

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